A Comparative Study of Attitude Change Methods, Centering on the Cognitive Dissonance Approach and the Noble Qurʾān’s Perspective on Education (Fostering the Trait of Patience and a Case Study in Sūrat Yūsuf)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Qurʾān and Sciences, Higher School of Qurʾān and Ḥadīth, Al-Mustafa International University, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Al-Mustafa International University, Mashhad, Iran

3 PhD Student in the Discipline of Qurʾān and Sciences, Specialization in Education, Al-Mustafa International University, Mashhad, Iran

10.52547/qae.2024.1983.1122

Abstract

   The objective of this research is to conduct a comparative examination of the Noble Qurʾān’s perspective on cultivating the trait of patience (ṣabr) and the application of attitude change methods, with a focus on Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance. According to this theory, behavioral change can lead to attitudinal change; consequently, practicing patience is the most effective means of fostering a positive attitude toward patience. The Noble Qurʾān emphasizes behaviors such as emulating the righteous, performing prayer (ṣalāh), supplication (duʿāʾ) and seeking assistance from God, assuming responsibility, resisting carnal desires, and adopting a process-oriented view of hardships to strengthen this trait. The point of convergence between the Qurʾān and the theory of cognitive dissonance is that both regard humans as rational and reflective beings and underscore the role of awareness in reforming attitudes. However, unlike the theory of cognitive dissonance, the Qurʾān does not endorse “justification” as a means to resolve internal conflict. The innovation of this study lies in its emphasis on aligning attitude change methods from the viewpoint of modern psychology with Qurʾanic teachings, particularly in the behavioral dimension of educating patience and a case analysis of Sūrat Yūsuf. Employing a library-based method, this article extracts and elucidates the Qurʾanic educational guidelines for instilling patience and compares them with the mechanisms of the cognitive dissonance theory.

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