Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Ph.D. in Theology (Field of study: Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law), Department of Theology, Faculty of Humanities, Yasouj University.
2
Lecturer in Theology and Wisdom, Islamic Strategic Studies Institute, Mashhad, Iran.
10.61186/qae.2024.1520.1090
Abstract
One of the ways to attain calmness and remove unease from oneself according to verses and the aḥādīth (Arabic: أحادیث, singular: ḥadīth, traditions and narrations) is to pay attention to the factors of contraction and expansion within human beings, in such a way that by recognizing its various factors can provide real and lasting calmness in order to achieve the factors of spiritual expansion in human beings so that they. This research is based on the method of describing and analyzing information from aḥādīth is going to achieve the factors of spiritual contraction and expansion and its role in creating peace, and for this reason, first the characteristics and truth of the elements of contraction and expansion are examined, and then the types of contraction and expansion, including physical, spiritual, divine and satanic, are explained, so that finally the most important factors of divine and evil contraction and expansion and the role of each in education and depriving of calmness will be studied and analyzed. Among the results of the research are as follows: 1. The truth of the contraction and the expansion are different in different people. 2. The types of contraction and expansion are generally divided into physical, spiritual, satanic, and divine contractions and expansions, each of which plays a significant role in acquiring or depriving them of calmness. 3. The most important factors of divine contraction and expansion are cases such as bringing joy into the heart of the believer, caring for the poor and orphans, resorting (Tawassul, Arabic: تَوَسّل) to Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic: أَهْل ٱلْبَیْت, lit. people of the house) ʿAlayhim al-ṣalātu wal-salām, the Noble Qurʾān, and visiting graves (Arabic: زیارة القبور). 4. The most important causes of satanic contraction and the expansion are such as: not respecting the rights of people, desecrating the sanctities of the world (impious), and the presence of jinn and mankind devils.
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